Sometimes You Want Something

If you want something, the verb for it in Japanese is hoshii 欲しい。 This also works when talking about other people's needs.

Here is your conjugation reference:

I want: hoshii 欲しい
I don't want: hoshikunai　欲しくない
I wanted: hoshikatta　欲しかった
I didn't want: hoshikunakatta　欲しくなかった
If I wanted (and it happened): hoshikereba　欲しければ
If I didn't want (and it happened): hoshikunakereba　欲しくなければ
If I want: hoshikattara (just a wish):　欲しかったら
If I didn't want (just a wish): hoshikunakattara　欲しくなかったら

An important thing to remember is the particle used in the sentence. For positive sentences, you would always put が after the thing you want. In almost every sentence that is positive, when you're talking about you or another person, you use the particle が even in casual speech.

I want that
私はそれが欲しい
watashi wa sore ga hoshii

I wanted that
俺はそれが欲しかった
ore wa sore ga hoshikatta

If he wanted it (and it's true), I think it's good.
彼はそれが欲しければ 良いと思う
kare wa sore ga hoshikereba, ii to omou


The ga turns into a waは if the sentence is a negative. There are a few exceptions but for most of the time, you would use wa when it comes to not wanting something.　I'm still not too familar with the particles because I don't use them often.

I don't really want money (no desire for money)
僕はお金はあまり欲しくない
boku wa okane wa amari hoshikunai

If she didn't want kids (i'm not sure), I think it's fine too.
彼女は子供は欲しくなかったら、　私も大丈夫と思う
kanojyo wa kodomo wa hoshikunakattara, watashi mo daijyoubu to omou.


Another way of using hoshii is for when you want someone to do something. You would use the -て　form of a verb before hoshii. I'm guessing that you use the niに particle after the person or thing you want because they are being directed, by you, the action. It could be "I'm telling you to do this". The action is being sent to someone as a task to do.

I wanted her to win
彼女に勝って欲しかった
kanojyo ni katte hoshikatta

I want you to buy it
私はあなたに買ってほしい
watashi wa anata ni kaitte hoshii

Asking For Money

This is a continuation on the last entry about Canadian coins.

I hope you all learned by now that asking for money isn't that easy. The good example of paying someone with pennies (1 cent) is always something useful to remember. For now, I will be talking about what to do during the restaurant, the bus, and the bank. For all that I can think of now, these two will cover most of the situations you may find in daily life. If there are any questions, please post a comment.

The bus fair varies in the day and you might not have enough change to ride the bus. Let's pretend that you're waiting for a bus that isn't in the terminal. You must have exact change because buses do not give out change and only accepts coins. You have a $5 bill but the bus ticket costs $2.75. What do you do?

In this situation you would have to either find a person or a store. Asking a person is easy, you just say "Do you have change for a $5?" to everyone you meet.
A store is a little bit different. Because it's a business, you must use it for it's services. Some places are nice but it's common to buy something first. After you have paid or asked nicely, you say "Can you break a $5?"

In a restaurant, you are eating with your friends and the bill comes together, not separated. You each have eaten about the same thing and need to pool in your money to pay for the bill. Let's pretend it's a good mix of males and females. The females bring change in their purses but the guys only carry bills with them. Unfortunately, there is not enough change for girls to exchange with the guys. You want to leave immediately and leave the money on the table but if everyone paid their share with the smallest bill available, you might be tipping too much.

In this situation, you would flag the waiter over and ask "Can I get change for this twenty?" or whatever bill you have. You can then pay for your part of the bill and trade coins for bills that other people have used for their meal.

In the bank, you would usually ask for a large amount of money. If you're buying something from an Asian person that only accepts cash, you would have to go to a bank to withdraw money. That, or you are going to run a cashier and need the smaller bills or coins for change.

You would go up to the bank teller and ask "May I withdraw $85.50?". Notice that this time it is a "May" instead of a "Can." This is because you know that you can do it because the bank is where money is kept. It is not an ability or a skill that you need, nor is there a possibility that it won't be able to happen.

Let's recap the questions before learning what to say next.
Do you have change for a $5
Can you break a $5?
Can I get change for this twenty?
May I withdraw $85.50?

The person you are asking will probably say something along the lines of:
"What do you need?"

You can then say, using the names of bills and coins. I would like:
"A toonie, two loonies and four quarters"
"$2 in toonies, $2 in loonies, and $1 in quarters"

The first answer you have to know what the total adds up to before saying it. Usually, you would say the items you need in descending order. The second one uses the sum and then the coins. You must say everything in the plural even though there is only one of them. You are listing the total this time, and must use plural form.

"I would like a fifty, a twenty, a ten, a five, and a fifty cent piece."
"I would like $50 in fifties, $20 in twenties, $10 in tens, $5 in fives, and 50c in fifty cent pieces"

地元観光

勉強単語と文法は赤色で

もしあなた分からないかもけど、俺がバーナビーに住んでいる。そこがバスでバンクーバーから一時間ぐらい。　実は、有名な所がどこでもまで一時間ぐらい。そんなにだけど、俺が沢山の場所に行った事ない。あまり興味がないかな。多分、ここに住んでいるだからいつでも行ける。もし他の場所に行った、見て回りたい。観光資源だけじゃなくて公園や海や町に見に行きたい。何が違う、何が同じ計算する。

最近、ろス アンヘレスに行った。ビデオゲームを見に行った。朝の１時から９時まで寝てて１１時から７時までイベントある。４時間ぐらい何もできる。海からは歩いて一時間。あまり人がいないけど、可愛い猫見付けた。海で、夜からちょっと暗いけど波浪見える。バンクーバーより波浪が高い。

日本に行ったら、田舎でも、楽しいになるかもと思う。　そこで、土地の人と会えるし、どっちの道に行っても迷えるし、いい写真をとれる。確かに、今の所もまだ行った事ないの見付ける事があるけど、旅人には出きる事は限定的。そんな人は選択がないからするしかない。俺はグランビルアイランドに行った事ないけど、外人には皆行った事ある。正直、友達はお願いしなくては、絶対に行きたくない。

どういう思う？

Sometimes You Really Must Do Something

ないといけない pretty much means 'must do something'. The something here is a verb and it can be any verb that makes sense in the sentence "You must ___". Remember that in Japanese, the sentence structure is Subject, Object, Verb (SOV) so you can construct your sentence normally and just add "must" at the end. If I were to deconstruct the phrase it would be Verb+ない and といけない where the verb half means "don't ___" and the other half being "don't do". So just like math, we have two negatives become a positive and it equals "must do ___".

 In order to make this sentence you need to know the casual negative form of your verbs.
あげる　→　あげない　To give
勝つ　→　かたない　To win
負ける　→　まけない　To lose
行く　→　いかない　To go

After you have your negatives, simply add といけない and you're complete!
あげないといけない　→　I must give
勝たないといけない　→　I must win
負けないといけない　→　I must lost
行かないといけない　→　I must go

If you would like to use "must" in a formal setting, the proper, more formal way of saying must is なくちゃいけません。

What would Japanese be without shortening long sentences? Simply removing といけない will mean you can't do something. So there is a completely new grammar point that has the exact same meaning but it's better because you will be able to shorten it. Instead of ないといけない, use なくちゃ which comes from the formal version.

あげなくちゃ　→　I must give
勝たなくちゃ　→　I must win
負けなくちゃ　→　I must lose
行かなくちゃ　→　I must go

See how much space you can save by using the shortened version?  In any case, I hope you have fun telling people they must do something in Japanese.

Abbreviations

Abbreviations are nice ways of writing things easier. But did you know that there are at least two different types? You can use abbreviations to make words shorter but there are rules when choosing which one to use. The first type of abbreviation is an acronym, and the second one is initialism.

An acronym is a type of word shortening like 'ltr' for 'later', or 'tmr' for 'tomorrow'. When you read it, you read the full word as it should be pronounced. The only thing different is the way you write it. The best thing about this shortening is that there are no rules. New ones can be made up and people will understand what you mean. It's great for taking notes in the classroom or when you need to write something quickly. Most acronyms are just the long words without any vowels. You can also replace some letters such as o,g,u,r,t, for oh, ge,you,are,tea.

Here are some examples:
ok for okay
hw for homework
Jan for January
Pokemon for Pocket Monsters

You may have noticed that you can make an acronym for two words to be combined into one. Japanese is quite famous for having acronyms in daily conversation to shorten words. Here are some examples, do you know any more?

Macdo = Mcdonalds
persocom = personal computer
cosplay = costume play
karaoke = empty(bare from karate) orchestra
staba = starbucks

Initialisms come from the root word of initial. Your initials are the first letter of your name. When writing initialisms, the rule is it has to be written with the first letter of each word that you want to shorten. When spoken, each letter has to be pronounced. Adding articles or prepositions are your choice, but sometimes they are added to help make the abbreviation easier to remember. Here are some initialisms:

RCMP = royal Canadian mounted police
ttyl = talk to you later
ayce = all you can eat
bogo = buy one get one

I would like to say rules are rules but they have to be broken. As abbreviations are becoming more common, people are starting to say initialisms out loud. Some started saying them as a joke but it soon caught on to being acceptable and some people don't event know what it stands for. Here are a list of abbreviations that started out as initialisms but turned into acronyms:

scuba = self-contained underwater breathing apparatus
aids = acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
laser = light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
lol = laugh out loud
pin = personal identification number

 Plz try and mk ur own abbreviations 2 help urself write notes down faster. It can save you 1-2sec when writing for your PhD or term essay. KY would like 2 play some LOL after this but first, it's time to slp. cya l8r!